
Joseph Castro
Latest articles by Joseph Castro

Earliest Case of Down Syndrome Discovered in Medieval Cemetery
By Joseph Castro published
A young child who died 1,500 years ago is the earliest probable case of Down syndrome in the archaeological record, say scientists who examined the child's skeleton, particularly the skull.

Animal Sex: How Koalas Do It
By Joseph Castro published
Koalas may be cute and cuddly, sleeping 18 to 22 hours a day, but they can become vicious when it's time to get down to business. Here's a look at how the marsupials mate.

Can Men Lactate?
By Joseph Castro published
Unlike female nipples, male nipples appear to be purely decorative. But can they also be functional and secrete milk — that is, can men lactate? Short answer: Yes, under certain circumstances.

Animal sex: How jellyfish do it
By Joseph Castro published
Jellyfish mating involves courtship dances, swamps of reproductive material and buds, or tiny clonal outgrowths.

Are mermaids real?
By Joseph Castro published
Are the legends about the half-human, half-fish creatures true?

How the Mars Moon Phobos Got Its Grooves
By Joseph Castro published
Material blasted off Mars from meteor impacts may have scarred the surface of Phobos, one of the Red Planet's two tiny moons, a new study suggests.

Monster Solar Flare This Year Was the Best-Observed in History (Video, Photos)
By Joseph Castro published
Four spacecraft and one ground-based observatory recorded the eruption of a powerful X-class solar flare on March 29, making it the best-observed such event in history, NASA officials said.

Why Do Dogs Wag Their Tails?
By Joseph Castro published
It's commonly believed that dogs wag their tails to convey that they are happy and friendly, but this isn't exactly true.

Why Do I Bruise Easily?
By Joseph Castro published
A contusion, or bruise, is a reddish-purple discoloration of the skin that doesn't blanch, or turn white or pale, when pressed upon.

How Do Enzymes Work?
By Joseph Castro published
Enzymes are biological molecules (typically proteins) that significantly speed up the rate of virtually all of the chemical reactions that take place within cells.

Animal Sex: How Elephants Do It
By Joseph Castro published
Despite some human-like characteristics, elephants' mating behaviors are very different from our own.

How Do Dolphins Sleep?
By Joseph Castro published
Dolphins sleep with one eye open, and with half their brain wide awake, researchers have found.

Bee Fossils Provide Rare Glimpse into Ice Age Environment
By Joseph Castro published
Fossilized bee pupae found in the La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles suggest the region experienced a very moist period during the Ice Age, a new study says.
Sign up for the Live Science daily newsletter now
Get the world’s most fascinating discoveries delivered straight to your inbox.